Tuesday, June 10, 2008

Megaraptor (or relative) Found in Oz?

A dinosaur bone discovered in Australia has defied prevailing wisdom about how the world's continents separated from a super-continent millions of years ago, a new study published on Tuesday said.

The 19-centimetre (eight-inch) bone was found in southeastern Australia but it comes from a very close cousin to Megaraptor, a flesh-ripping monster that lorded over swathes of South American some 90 million years ago.

The extraordinary similarity between the two giant theropods adds weight to a dissident view about the breakup of a super-continent, known as Gondwana, that formed the continents of the southern hemisphere, the authors say.

Gondwana broke up during the Cretaceous period to form South America, Africa, Antarctica and Australia.

The standard theory is that the first continents to go were South America and Africa, which pulled away from Gondwana around 120 million years ago.

Australia remained attached to Antarctica before the two entities drifted apart around 80 million years ago, according to this theory. Australia began an insular existence that incubated flora and fauna which remain unique to this day.

The forearm bone, found near Cape Otway in the state of Victoria, is the first link ever found between a non-flying therapod -- or two-footed dinosaur -- in Australia and another component of Gondwana.

The investigators, led by Nathan Smith of the University of Chicago, say the two dinosaurs are so similar the two land masses of South America and Australia could not have been separated for so many millions of years beforehand.

If that had been the case, evolutionary pressures would have pushed the dinos in different directions as they adapted to their changing environments.

They speculate that land bridges must have persisted between southern South America and the Western Antarctic Archipelago "until at least the Late Eocene," a period that began some 40 million years ago.

The study is published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B, a journal of Britain's de-facto academy of sciences.


I quoted the whole thing. I didn't plan to, but...

Ok. Oopsies here, at least in my overly judgmental nonprofessional opinion:

You don't need to have literal land bridge for faunal interchange to take place. Even now, Drake's Passage is only 500 miles wide. The Atlantic was wider when primates made the..ermm...leap across. It's also true that Titanis walleri made an island hopping campaign across the not yet closed Straights of Panama. It's entirely possible that something like Megaraptor did the same thing, since we know that there were at least islands between SoAm and Antarctica for some time.

They're making some very sweeping statements about based on a singular fossil.

I'll wait and see what others have to say before I 'tsk' too much.

4 comments:

Zach said...

Hahaha I don't think you're familiar with Australian dinosaur, Will. EVERYTHING they find over there point to Australia being "first." They had the most primitive ceratopsid, ornithomimid, and placental mammal. Actually, they probably have a marginocephalian, a coelophysid, and a triobosphenic marsupial.

I wouldn't pay much attention to this news story. Theropod ulnas are amazingly conservative below the level of Maniraptora.

Will Baird said...

I noticed that. I'd think they'd want to have their own unique fauna instead of the First of Everything(tm), but IDK about what their mindset is.

It seems like Australia was a refugium based on the majority of fossils, not a 'eden' where everything evolved.

The ceratopsian was rather dubious when I read it. I was shocked about the placental, but that one actually has more basis. I'd REALLY like it if I could get Darren to post on that subject though.

Zach said...

Well, I can pretty much promise you it's not a placental. Their supposed placentals (Bishops whitmorei, Ausktribosphenos nyktos) of Oz are probably outgroups to the crown Mammalia (I was mistaken when I said marsupials).

Tribosphenic molars are dubious phylogenetic indicators, as they seem to have evolved two or three times among Mammalia. Yeah, Darren should write a post about early mammals. Nobody writes about early mammals!

Will Baird said...

If that's true, then it seems that it would reinforce the idea that Oz was a refugium.

We need a campaign to make Darren do this!